Double digit subscripts in Python output?

Unfortunately, I suspect the issue isn't with Python here, but that it it stems from the fact that you are using a monospace font, which is standard for coding environments.

If you want to have a good looking output, I suggest using aother display method. You could make a latex document, open a tkinter window, make a matplotlib figure just displaying the number(s)...

Depending on your application, you could also change your format.

anything in [multiple characters] has a nasty gap.... Is there any way to achieve what I want here?

No, not if you wish to display those unicode glyphs in a monospace font. The subscripts appear in the leftmost part of the rendered cell, and there are no corresponding subscript glyphs appearing in the rightmost part.

For base 16 you might wish to spell it out:

DEADBEEFₕₑₓ

Alas, for base 10 we can't really spell out "dec", as Unicode lacks subscripts for "d" and "c".