Is is possible to make a Spring bean local to a Configuration class?

I think this is technically feasible, but as far as I know, there is no built-in Spring mechanism that allows restricting a bean so that it can only be autowired into specific classes.

One possible approach would be to implement a custom BeanPostProcessor that inspects bean dependencies during startup. If it detects that MyBean is being injected into a class outside the allowed set, it can throw an exception and fail the application startup, smth like this:

@Component
public class MyBeanUsageValidator implements BeanPostProcessor {
    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        for (Field field : bean.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) {
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Autowired.class)
                    && field.getType() == MyBean.class) {
                // check whether allowed or not, for example:
                if (!AllowedBean.class.isAssignableFrom(bean.getClass())) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(
                        "MyBean can only be injected into AllowedBean");
                }
            }
        }
        return bean;
    }
}

Whether this is the right solution depends on the constraints. For example, if MyBean can be instantiated without being registered as a Spring bean, that might be a simpler approach. Otherwise, some custom validation logic during context initialization would probably be required.