Dynamic Resilience Assessment of Combat System of Systems: A Dual-Dimensional Framework Integrating Mission and Inherent Capabilities

In dynamic confrontation scenarios, units within a combat system of systems (CSoS) alternate between mission-active and standby states. Standby units act as reserves and affect resilience continuity. Existing work mostly assesses capability via active-unit performance, leaving standby contributions unquantified. To bridge this gap, we propose a dual-dimensional framework integrating real-time mission metrics with standby units’ inherent reconnaissance and strike capabilities. It quantifies instantaneous combat capability and latent recovery potential. To avoid sensitivity loss from cumulative disruptions in prolonged confrontations, we develop a dynamic phase-segmented resilience evaluation model (DPS-RE) with time-varying baselines. Simulations show standby units shape CSoS degradation and support targeted replenishment; multi-domain joint simulation data further enable DPS-RE to identify vulnerability windows and issue early warnings for resource supplementation, providing decision support in adversarial environments.