Synergistic effect of 2,4,6-Tris(hydroxylamine)-s-triazine (THAT) on the thermal decomposition of ammonium dinitramide (ADN)

Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is a promising halogen-free oxidizer for solid rocket propellants. This study investigates the synergistic effect of 2,4,6-tris(hydroxylamine)-s-triazine (THAT) on the thermal decomposition behavior of ADN. ADN/THAT composites with 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt% THAT were prepared via a solvent-based method and characterized by TG-DSC, FT-IR, XRD, and FE-SEM/EDX. The results show that THAT significantly alters the decomposition pathway of ADN by suppressing the formation of ammonium nitrate intermediate and promoting a consolidated exothermic process. The composite containing 7.5 wt% THAT exhibits the highest total heat release of 2530 ± 50 J/g, which is 33% higher than that of neat ADN (1908 J/g), confirming a strong synergistic effect. These findings demonstrate that THAT is an effective additive for modifying the thermal decomposition behavior of ADN, with potential applications in high-performance propellant formulations.