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LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Ahead

106
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June 30, 2025
Published Date

Research Abstract & Technology Focus

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents marks a significant shift in the research landscape by offering cognitive abilities that are competitive with human planning and reasoning. This article explores the transformative potential of integrating Large Language Models into Multi-Agent (LMA) systems for addressing complex challenges in software engineering (SE). By leveraging the collaborative and specialized abilities of multiple agents, LMA systems enable autonomous problem-solving, improve robustness, and provide scalable solutions for managing the complexity of real-world software projects. In this article, we conduct a systematic review of recent primary studies to map the current landscape of LMA applications across various stages of the software development lifecycle (SDLC). To illustrate current capabilities and limitations, we perform two case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of state-of-the-art LMA frameworks. Additionally, we identify critical research gaps and propose a comprehensive research agenda focused on enhancing individual agent capabilities and optimizing agent synergy. Our work outlines a forward-looking vision for developing fully autonomous, scalable, and trustworthy LMA systems, laying the foundation for the evolution of Software Engineering 2.0.
llm-based multi-agent systems software engineering literature
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crossref.org › academic paper
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Large Language Models for Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted numerous domains, including Software Engineering (SE). Many recent publications have explored LLMs applied to various SE tasks. Nevertheless...
roipad.com › narrative analysis
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Llm-agents

The proliferation of LLM agents is driving critical discussions around their governance, security vulnerabilities like "Disregard That" attacks, and the architectural challenges of scaling distribu...
stackexchange.com › answer
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What are the best-practice architectural workflows for LLM-based contract compliance agents?

For LLM-based contract compliance agents, the most reliable architectures tend to combine structured document graphs, retrieval pipelines, and staged evaluation rather than relying on a single agen...
news.ycombinator.com › comment
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Show HN: I built a tiny LLM to demystify how language models work

Cool project. I'm working on something where multiple LLM agents share a world and interact with each other autonomously. One thing that surprised me is how much the "world" matters — same model, s...
github.com › AI insight
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[Feature] Ollama / local model LLMAdapter

The request for an 'Ollama / local model LLMAdapter' highlights a significant market trend: the growing demand for running multi-agent workflows without 'depending on cloud APIs.' This caters direc...

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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What is the core focus of the research titled 'LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Ahead'?

This literature focuses on: Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents marks a significant shift in the research landscape by offering cognitive abilities that are competitive with human planning and reasoning. This article explores the transformative po...

Are there open-source GitHub repositories related to LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Ahead?

Yes, open-source projects like THU-MAIC/OpenMAIC (Open Multi-Agent Interactive Classroom — Get an immersive, multi-agent learning experience in just one click) are actively building upon these concepts.

Which startups are commercializing the technology behind LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Ahead?

Products like Typewise AI Customer Service are bringing this to market. Their focus is: Automate customer support across systems with AI agents.

What other academic literature is closely related to 'LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Ahead'?

Yes, highly correlated activity was mapped. An entry titled 'Large Language Models for Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review' discusses this: Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted numerous domains, including Software Engineering (SE). Many recent publications have explo...

Are there commercial applications of 'LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems for Software Engineering: Literature Review, Vision, and the Road Ahead' in market news publications?

Yes, highly correlated activity was mapped. An entry titled 'Llm-agents' discusses this: The proliferation of LLM agents is driving critical discussions around their governance, security vulnerabilities like "Disregard That" attacks, an...

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